The Bertelsmann Transformation Index (BTI) is a measure of the development status and governance of political and economic transformation processes in developing and transition countries around the world.[2][3] The BTI has been published biennially by the Bertelsmann Stiftung since 2005,[4] most recently in 2022 on 137 countries.[5] The index measures and compares the quality of government action in a ranking list based on self-recorded data and analyzes successes and setbacks on the path to constitutional democracy and a market economy accompanied by sociopolitical support.[6] For this purpose, the "Status Index" is calculated on the general level of development with regard to democratic and market-economy characteristics and the "Management Index" on the political management of decision-makers.[7][8]
- ^ "Global Dashboard". BTI 2022. Retrieved Apr 17, 2023.
- ^ Bogaards, Matthijs (2005). "Dominant Parties and Democratic Defects". Georgetown Journal of International Affairs. 6 (2). Georgetown University Press: 29–35. ISSN 1526-0054. JSTOR 43134090. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
- ^ "The Bertelsmann Stiftung's Transformation Index (BTI)". UNESCO. 2023-04-22. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
- ^ Møller, Jørgen; Skaaning, Svend-Erik (2010). "Beyond the Radial Delusion: Conceptualizing and Measuring Democracy and Non-democracy". International Political Science Review. 31 (3). Sage Publications: 261–283. doi:10.1177/0192512110369522. ISSN 0192-5121. JSTOR 25703866. S2CID 145327844.
- ^ "Governance Report". BTI 2022. Retrieved Apr 17, 2023.
- ^ "Democracy data: how do researchers measure democracy?". Our World in Data. 2022-06-17. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
- ^ "Who We Are". BTI Blog. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
- ^ Observatory, the Global (2012-09-19). "Catalogue of Indices". IPI Global Observatory. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
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